Incidence rates of CardioVascular Diseases
By this time you would be aware of the basic anatomy, physiology and also the risk factors that could lead to heart disease (Cardiovascular Disease.)
This article is intended to deal with incidence rates of Cardiovascular Disease.
You will be wondering as you go through this article like how dreadful, is this disease?
Epidemiology:
“Heart Disease will become a major cause of death and disability in new millennium.”
Myocardial Infarction (heart attack) is a common presentation of Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD). IHD is considered to be leading cause of death in developed countries, but third to AIDS and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in developing countries.
WHO says that CVD´s already claim 1.5million lives every year, 10 million of them in developing countries like India.
Sentinel Surveillance System for CVD among Indian Industrial Population in collaboration with All India Institute Of Medical Sciences, New Delhi initiated a project with a view to reduce the burden of diabetes and CVD among the Indian Population who are exposed to increased stress. This project was carried out in 10 cities all over the country including Chennai by WHO to look into the prevalence and incidence of diabetes and CVD´s, risk factors, mortality and morbidity over a 10 year period.
This survey was done among the employees of Indian Airlines in Chennai. Men, women and children, aged 10 and above were eligible to participate. In this 486 employees were screened to have diabetes, BP and CVD.
Recent statistics shows that the deaths due to CVD in India were 32% of all deaths in 2007 and it is expected to rise from 1.17 million in 1990 and 1.59 million in 2000 to 2.03 million in 2010 and also it is expected to double during 1985-2015.
This mortality rates due to CVD varies widely from state to state, ranging from 10% in Meghalaya to 49% of deaths in Punjab, Goa (42%) Tamilnadu (36%) and AndraPradesh (31%) have the highest CVD related mortality estimates. This state-wise difference is due to the prevalence of specific dietary risk factors and the root cause is change in lifestyle from traditional to modern lifestyle with physical inactivity, consumption of diet that is rich in sugar, fat and increased mental stress, which is all more prevalent among the Industrial workers where the people have less time to exercise. Studies reveal that moderate physical exercise is associated with reduced incidence of CVD in India (i.e. those who exercise have less than half a risk from those who don´t.)
CVD also affects Indians at a younger age in their 30´s and 40´s, which is thought to be a as a result of genetic predisposition.
In this article as mentioned earlier we discussed about the incidence and prevalence of this dreadful Heart Disease. In the next article we will discuss how it evolves and what are the preventive measures to be taken.
